OpenStack Swift is the Object Storage component of OpenStack. It is roughly analogous to Amazon S3. HP Cloud (full disclaimer: I work at hp and get cloud resources for free) has an Object Storage component. This post will be about getting basic functionality out of it.
A very long document on HP's object storage can be found
here. Reading as much of it as I have has permanently damaged my soul, so I am posting here to share my story, hopefully you won't have to spend so much time kicking it.
Usually when doing things on HP Cloud's OpenStack services I just poke around the command line utility's until I am happy. Let's look at basic tooling with the python-swiftclient tool:
Check deps:
$: pip install -U python-swiftclient
Requirement already up-to-date: python-swiftclient in /disk/blob/nibz/corepip/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already up-to-date: six>=1.5.2 in /disk/blob/nibz/corepip/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from python-swiftclient)
Requirement already up-to-date: futures>=2.1.3 in /disk/blob/nibz/corepip/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from python-swiftclient)
Requirement already up-to-date: requests>=1.1 in /disk/blob/nibz/corepip/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from python-swiftclient)
Requirement already up-to-date: simplejson>=2.0.9 in /disk/blob/nibz/corepip/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from python-swiftclient)
Check creds:
$: [ -z $OS_PASSWORD ] && echo set password
$: [ -z $OS_TENANT_NAME ] && echo set tenant name
$: echo $OS_AUTH_URL
https://region-b.geo-1.identity.hpcloudsvc.com:35357/v2.0/
With that set, we can use the swift command line client to upload, list, download, and delete files. All swift objects are put in containers, the equivalent of s3 buckets.
$: swift list craigslist
x220t.jpg
$: swift upload craigslist r61e.jpg
r61e.jpg
$: swift download craigslist x200t.jpg
Object 'craigslist/x200t.jpg' not found
$: swift list craigslist
r61e.jpg
x220t.jpg
$: time swift list craigslist
r61e.jpg
x220t.jpg
real 0m1.913s
user 0m0.283s
sys 0m0.051s
$: swift download craigslist x220t.jpg
x220t.jpg [auth 6.971s, headers 13.029s, total 13.314s, 0.002 MB/s]
$: swift delete craigslist r61e.jpg
r61e.jpg
$: time swift list craigslist
x220t.jpg
real 0m2.330s
user 0m0.299s
sys 0m0.059s
As you can see from the timing information, some of the operations are fast and some are slow. Swift download provides it's own timing information, which is nice. All upload/download operations above are authenticated through keystone. To provide a 'fake cdn' service like amazon s3, swift uses tempurls. This is how tempurls are typically used:
$: swift tempurl GET 3600 /v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg
Usage: swift tempurl <method> <seconds> <path> <key>
Generates a temporary URL for a Swift object.
Positions arguments:
[method] An HTTP method to allow for this temporary URL.
Usually 'GET' or 'PUT'.
[seconds] The amount of time in seconds the temporary URL will
be valid for.
[path] The full path to the Swift object. Example:
/v1/AUTH_account/c/o.
[key] The secret temporary URL key set on the Swift cluster.
To set a key, run 'swift post -m
"Temp-URL-Key:b3968d0207b54ece87cccc06515a89d4"'
$: swift tempurl GET 3600 /v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg supersecret
/v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg?temp_url_sig=7388703d11f6a3362dff1008a2f5dd3b2fd31293&temp_url_expires=1423453300
Then, given this information you prepend the root url of the swift service and curl at it (don't forget single quotes!):
$: swift tempurl GET 3600 /v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg supersecret
/v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg?temp_url_sig=7388703d11f6a3362dff1008a2f5dd3b2fd31293&temp_url_expires=1423453300
$: keystone catalog | grep -i object
Service: object-store
| publicURL | https://region-b.geo-1.objects.hpcloudsvc.com/v1/10724706841504 |
| versionInfo | https://region-b.geo-1.objects.hpcloudsvc.com/v1/ |
| versionList | https://region-b.geo-1.objects.hpcloudsvc.com |
$: curl 'https://region-b.geo-1.objects.hpcloudsvc.com/v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg?temp_url_sig=7388703d11f6a3362dff1008a2f5dd3b2fd31293&temp_url_expires=1423453300'
401 Unauthorized: Temp URL invalid
After poking this for
some time I found this tibit buried in the HP Cloud docs on swift, er excuse me, Object Storage:
2.7.5.2 Differences Between Object Storage and OpenStack Swift TempURL Signature Generation
There are two differences between Object Storage and OpenStack Swift TempURL signature generation:
- OpenStack Swift Temporary URLs (TempURL) required the
X-Account-Meta-Temp-URL-Key header be set on the Swift account. In
Object Storage you do not need to do this. Instead we use Access Keys to
provide similar functionality.
- Object Storage Temporary URLs require the user's Project ID and
Access Key ID to be prepended to the signature. OpenStack Swift does
not.
So this basically means you can't use the python-swiftclient tool with hpcloud object storage. At least nearby they provide a code snipit. I've created my own script.
$: python hpcloud_swift.py GET 3600 /v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg $OS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET
https://region-b.geo-1.objects.hpcloudsvc.com/v1/10724706841504/craigslist/x220t.jpg?temp_url_sig=10724706841504:KAPYAYFHCH51B3ZCCB4W:044cefcdf58d4bccea7da3a4836145488a7c8496&temp_url_expires=1423453940
This depends on setting OS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and OS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET in your environment. These are nonstandard environment variables. Once this is set, anyone will be able to prepend the object storage root url to the front of the url output by hpcloud_swift.py and make their own janky-cdn.
The script to perform the hpcloud fakery can be found
here.
